Science and Interculturality

Preface

Ilenia Arllery García Peralta — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

La Revista Ciencia e Interculturalidad de la Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN), divulga artículos inéditos de investigación, artículos de revisión bibliográfica y ensayos investigativos que contribuyen a promover las diversas temáticas relacionadas a la ciudadanía intercultural de género. Está dirigida a investigadores, profesores, estudiantes y profesionales vinculados a áreas sensibles como: Educación y Salud Intercultural, Territorialidad, Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente, Género e Interculturalidad, Derechos Humanos, en especial los vinculantes a los tratados y convenios internacionales de los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes.

Para fines de organización Académica, la cobertura temática de la revista Ciencia e Interculturalidad No. 34 de este volumen, contempla las siguientes secciones: Educación (4); Educación Superior en la Costa Caribe (2); Cultura Indígena y Afrodescendiente(4); Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente(2) ; Agropecuaria(2) y Tecnología Médica (1).

Los resultados de estas investigaciones aportan significativamente a la praxis innovadora de la comunidad universitaria en el ámbito de Abya Yala o América Latina y el Caribe; constituyen un medio educativo y de comunicación para compartir con la comunidad de profesores, investigadores y estudiantes del mundo académico, en una expresión crítica y autónoma que, apuntala hacia la emancipación en un ambiente del derecho de ciudadanías interculturales de género.

Education for Development in the Spanish School: analysis of a transformative experience in Compulsory Secondary Education

Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

We present Study of the process of design, implementation, and results of educational action entitled "Education for development and social transformation in ESO: an opportunity for change", aimed at teachers, researchers, and/or people interested in Education for Development (EpD), and transformative methodologies. Its main objectives are: to offer tools to integrate the EpD in the official curriculum of the educational system in Spanish and to facilitate replicability of the subject experience at the national level. The study is part of the research "Including Education for Development in the ESO Curriculum: Promoting a Model of Critical Citizenship and Social Empowerment in the Face of the New Challenges of the Climate Emergency, poverty and Inequalities, exacerbated by COVID-19" (2020UE004). Among other results, highlight the creation of an EpD area in the participating educational centers, betting on the figure of the coordinator of it generating processes of social impact, led by the students.

The influence of coloniality on the Curricular Bases of Early Childhood Education

Javiera Serrano Gómez — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This essay analyzes the Curricular Bases of Early Childhood Education, which have been influenced by coloniality on at least three levels: first, its foundations, principles and objectives have been determined from a modern/colonial ideal, anchored to positivism, which seeks to control the learning of children around an eidos prescribed by the document. Second, the idea of the Bases' interculturality is inspired by the principle of meaning from a technical interest in Tyler's sense: to bring the predetermined content closer to children's cognitive structures to improve their performance concerning to the learning objectives. And, finally, the theoretical references on which they have been built come mostly from Eurocentric/Anglo-Saxon traditions, confirming that theoretical sources far removed from our Latin American and Chilean reality prevail.

From the State of the Art: An approach to quality in Higher Education

Rianed Velásquez Arias, Mercedes Tinoco Espinoza — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article describes the state of the art of concept of quality in higher education, worked through the method: literature review, based on the grounded theory according to Wolfswinkel et al. (2013). Eligibility criteria were defined through previously defined keywords and the period 2004 – 2024 was established. Searches were also conducted based on scientific data: Web of Science, Scholar Google, web pages such as: Education Resources Information Center: ERIC, Redylac, Scielo, Dialnet and data from University Research Institutes. In retrieving articles, the filtering was carried out according to each publication's title, abstract and full text.

The state of the art seeks to answer the question: What is the historical evolution of the concept of quality? in the business and education context, particularly in the Latin American and Bolivian context. The results indicate that the definitions and conceptualizations of quality are multiple and polysemic, not only because they vary among themselves, but because they reflect different appreciations or perspectives, which must respond to specific needs in products or services. In higher education it has not been possible to reach a consensus on the definitions of quality, but it is known that quality must be linked to the educational project that is dynamic and changing. Therefore, for the context of Latin America, it is necessary to work in terms of “Quality Assurance”, in compliance with minimum requirements that guarantee that institutions have the conditions required to carry out their essential academic functions.

Bibliographic Review of Curricular Management with a Systemic Intercultural Approach in Higher Education

Norling Sabel Solís Narváez, Maribel del Socorro Duriez González — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article aims to conduct a literature review on the Cultivation and Nurturing of Wisdoms and Knowledge (CCRISAC) approach, focusing on the intercultural approach to curriculum management in higher education contexts. The methodology used for the literature review allowed for the systematization of sources based on selection criteria, discrimination, and information analysis using search and citation engines. The review and synthesis of the literature brings us closer to the concepts that are most used in educational models with an intercultural approach, allowing us to understand the theoretical framework of curriculum management. The findings focus on the approaches that these traditional educational approaches have about interculturality as a transversal and systemic process. The article contextualizes that the empirical point of approach is the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, UNAN-Managua. The interpretations and reflections are the product of the authors' own experience in educational contexts. This article is structured in three sections: a) Educational model and Curriculum Management: an approach to a Systemic Intercultural Approach, b) Interculturality and Didactic Planning, c) Learning for life: ecology of knowledge in the context of Buen Vivir

Interculturality in teachers of the educational community of URACCAN - Nueva Guinea Regional University Center

Rafaela Montoya Galeano, William Oswaldo Flores-López — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research has analyzed the degree of application of interculturality by the teachers of URACCAN – Nueva Guinea Regional University Center. This is quantitative research supported by a descriptive design where a Google Form survey was applied to 30 full-time and permanent teachers. The main results show that the majority of participants have knowledge of the concept of interculturality but not the practice; the majority incorporate in their class plans and teaching materials actions aimed at the practice of interculturality; and finally, both women and men express that interculturality is important in the effective exercise of teaching practice, likewise, those between the ages of 44 and 51 say they have knowledge about interculturality; and finally, the new generations of teachers have a better knowledge of intercultural praxis due to being a graduate of the institution. It is concluded that the appropriation of interculturality in practice is a permanent task, motivating teachers to consolidate the intercultural community university model, because it will allow the empowerment and richness of the interculturality and community of peoples at the university level.

The BICU Common Semester Curriculum Empowers Indigenous and Afro-descendant Students

Judith Yasmina Wong Serrano, Blanca Nevai Centeno Bravo — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article focuses on analyzing the impact of the curricular framework of the Common Semester at Bluefields Indian & Caribbean University (BICU), a program designed to level the knowledge and skills of first-year students, particularly those from Indigenous and Afro-descendant communities. The analysis is based on the paradigm of Cultivation and Nurturing of Wisdoms and Knowledges (CCRISAC) and utilizes narrative methodology as an intercultural research tool. It reviews research on intercultural education in Latin America and the experience of indigenous students in Nicaragua, concluding that simple inclusion is not enough; a profound transformation of the educational system is needed to make it more relevant, inclusive, and equitable. BICU's Common Semester stands out for its focus on holistic formation, strengthening cultural identity and empowering students from Indigenous and Afro-descendant communities. The program's courses provide tools to overcome the barriers that these groups have historically faced. The study highlights the need for a collective commitment from universities, states, Indigenous and Afro-descendant organizations, and society at large, to build an inclusive curricular framework that values cultural diversity, ensuring equity and social justice.

Knowledge management with intercultural community principles: views from practice and walking with the peoples

Joel David Montenegro Lanza, Angélica Leonor Ruíz Calderón — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The research is a purposeful construction that aims to provide theoretical-methodological guidelines for the practice of management with community principles of knowledge that include the feelings, knowledge, and actions of the peoples. For this, a referential theoretical construct was designed that recognizes the diversity of knowledge and the decolonization of thought, this referential framework allowed the design of a methodological model for the development of theory based on the critical vision of the qualitative dimension. As a practical result of walking and experiencing community work, the proposal was built to synthesize four moments or methodical interfaces and two functions or transversal actions complemented with practical definitions. As a contribution that arises from the experience of walking with the peoples, collaboration and dialogue of knowledge is openly urged with the purpose of collectively building knowledge focused on revitalization and application if they contribute significantly to the common good of the peoples and their autonomous process.

Resignifying the mathematical practices of the Sia Peoples for the consolidation of Indigenous and Intercultural Higher Education in Colombia

Hector Silvio Puama Tobar, Eugenio Casimiro López Mairena — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The state-of-the art of the redefinition of mathematical practices of the Sia Peoples for the consolidation of the Indigenous and Intercultural Higher Education in Colombia, is an article of epistemic dialogue of one's own mathematical knowledge and the different academic currents of ethnomathematics, evidencing the bibliographical review to postulate our understanding according to the cultural and cosmogonic experiences, which has been lost by the imposition of the conventional education system, therefore, it is a form of cultural vindication to decolonize the ancestral thought of our territory, it is also a way to position the Indigenous Own Educational System - SEIP, in the Indigenous Higher Education in Colombia and the cultural vindication of our people.

Furthermore, it postulates that the epistemic currents generated from a Western academic perspective are not the only way to recreate scientific thoughts, therefore, this dialogue allows us to rethink the creation of mathematical knowledge from a holistic and integral perspective. Besides, it postulates for the reproduction of scientific knowledge, human beings, regardless of culture, must consider social, cultural, spiritual and cosmogonic patterns of behavior. Likewise, the educational political gains at the national level in Colombia is demonstrated in detail, and how the indigenous peoples at the head of their regional organizations have founded and positioned their education in their territories, strengthening their life plans as indigenous peoples.

Well-being and Good Living of the Peoples

Sabino Ariel Olivar-Molina — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This essay aims to mention the elements that maintain the effectiveness, tranquility, family and neighborhood unity, peace and security of Indigenous peoples. Likewise, definitions are written about Good Living from the worldview of Nicaragua and Latin American peoples. For the Rama people, Good Living is based on the translation of all the symbols of nature, interpreting the meaning of the actions of animals that are in the trees, those that are inside and outside of fresh and salt water, communicating with nature through spirituality, having basic services, fear of God, not having enemies of any kind. In addition, the community must be seen as a space of collective meaning, organized with leaders in the territories, who link the knowledge and actions of the people in harmony with nature, linking the ancestral wisdom of the elders, wise men and women.

Good Living: A systematic review outlining the practice of the peoples of Abya Yala

Jancy del Rosario Moraga López — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This essay was based on the approach of the Good Living of the peoples. It has a strong dimension because it deals with life in harmony between the human being, the state, society and above all with Mother Earth to see and understand the environment, which is very complex due to the diversity of ethnicities, cultures, customs, territories, respecting and living together in multiethnic, multicultural spaces, where thought must be decolonized and knowledge, doing, and being must be integrated in the new intercultural societies, making changes from within the peoples to the outside.

Good Living is the state in which individuals feel fulfilled and strive daily to achieve their personal and professional goals. It is a continuous process that promotes a fairer lifestyle for all. This concept arises from the birth of a person, accompanies their growth and is built throughout their life, culminating in a full existence. This path towards personal fulfillment is based on the training received within the family and in the environment, to achieve emotional, economic and professional stability. It is essential to take into consideration respect for all forms of life in this process.

Feasibility study for access and construction of a deepwater port in Bluefields Bay

Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Bluefields Bay is a coastal lagoon with a wide variety of ecosystems that is home to a great diversity of flora and fauna. This ecosystem is highly vulnerable to human influence. The Bay is a marine-coastal system (estuary). Its flow is fed by the basins of the Escondido River and several tributaries located in the southern part until it reaches the Punta Gorda River, and by the entrance to the Caribbean Sea. The Bay is of great importance as it is the main national access route between the Rama city and Bluefields, and internationally through the Bluff port.

The construction of a deep-water port in Bluefields Bay is a viable alternative in response to the megaproject called the Gran Canal Interoceanico de Nicaragua (GCIN), which can contribute significantly to the development of the Region, which is why two alternatives are being analyzed to define the most viable route for the construction of the deep-water canal, resulting in Alternative A being the most viable and least expensive in economic terms, a physical-chemical analysis of seawater and Bluefields Bay was also carried out and the aquatic, terrestrial, fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians, algae, mollusks, and crustaceans of the project's area of influence were inventoried.

Botanical exploration for the implementation of an apiary in Bluefields, Nicaragua: A floristic approach to the Humid Tropics

Kathy Dasnisha Omeir, Juan Asdrúbal Flores-Pacheco — Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The humid tropic region on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua is the area with the greatest biodiversity and wealth in terms of environmental services. However, being an area of approximately 50% of the national territory, the potential for beekeeping has not been exploited. The development of beekeeping is one of the great opportunities in the community and commercial sphere to improve the standard of living of the population, ecologically sustainable and economically viable. The present research characterized the wild flora with energy potential, used by bees of the Apis genus through a floristic inventory in the Nicaraguan humid tropics. Work was done on two farms: Sconfran and San Eliseo. In both, a floristic inventory was developed with a random selection of plots, in which the tree, shrub and herb strata were sampled, to identify the contributions to the bees (honey, nectar and resin) and the estimation of biodiversity and stability. (equity) in each place. The results indicate the presence of 51 families and 28 botanical orders with a predominant presence in the San Eliseo farm, where there is the greatest distribution of herbs and shrubs, with greater accessibility to bees. Furthermore, more than 50% of these species, which guarantee flowering throughout the year at different overlapping times, provide nectar to this group of insects. This allows us to conclude the feasibility stay for the establishment of an apiary in the study area. More research is required integrating new variables.

Productivity of buttercup (Tithonia diversifolia) with different doses and frequencies of nitrogen fertilization, Nueva Guinea, RACCS, 2023

Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In Nicaragua, the shortage of forage for livestock represents one of the main limitations in production, especially in the dry season. In this study, the productivity of the forage Tithonia diversifolia (buttercup) was evaluated under different doses and frequencies of nitrogen fertilization in the Nueva Guinea region, RACCS, as a strategy to improve livestock feeding, especially in the dry season. This study evaluated the productivity of the forage Tithonia diversifolia (buttercup) under different doses and frequencies of nitrogen fertilization in the Nueva Guinea region, RACCS, as a strategy to improve livestock feeding. The experimental design was a randomized Complete Block with ten treatments and four replicates, in which three fertilization frequencies (every 30, 45, and 60 days) and three nitrogen doses (292, 390, and 487 kg/ha/year) were evaluated. The variables evaluated included plant height, number of stems, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter weight, and leaf-to-stem ratio. The results indicated that fertilization every 30 days with the highest dose of nitrogen (487 kg/ha/year) promoted overall plant growth, optimizing dry matter yield. However, in other growth variables, the differences between treatments were not statistically significant. It is concluded that applying nitrogen every 30 days at 487 kg/ha/year is the most efficient combination to maximize the productivity of Tithonia diversifolia, suggesting its implementation in livestock systems in New Guinea to improve food sustainability in the dry season.

Handcrafted dyeing of wool in the manufacture of textiles

Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This essay discusses the use of wool in weaving textile garments in the cottage industry, from its obtaining and preparation. The review of synthetic and natural dyes used in dyeing stands out. The latter are classified based on their origin, chemical structure, hue or tone, application form, and the mordents used for their fixation in natural fibers. Finally, the standard tests commonly used internationally for the quality control of such textiles are briefly described.

Machine learning-based model of probability of mortality risk in patients with cranioencephalic trauma, Hospital Ernesto Sequeira Blanco

Mon, 16 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The objective of this article is to present the results obtained from a project, whose purpose was to develop an automatic model that would facilitate the identification of complications and mortality risks in patients with Cranioencephalic Trauma who arrive at the Ernesto Sequeira Blanco Regional Teaching Hospital in the city of Bluefields. The SCRUM framework was used for the development of the work and machine learning techniques were used based on the CRASH-2 dataset, which has a base of 20,207 randomized records of patients who have suffered cranioencephalic trauma. Two learning models, logistic regression and decision tree, were used in combination to ensure better results. The data of the first test performed, applying the regression model, showed an accuracy of 76%, a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 73%. In the second test, applying the decision tree model, an accuracy of 80%, a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 79% were obtained. The results obtained in the application of both tests showed promising results for a more accurate prediction in the cases reviewed during the internal validations. Likewise, these results show that the model can be a useful tool in the estimation of mortality risk probabilities in patients with traumatic brain injury.